Existing Condition, Production Performance, and Business Feasibility of a Closed-House Broiler Plasma Farming Business: A Case Study of Tridaya Farm in Karawang, West Java
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/dijefa.v7i4.7394Keywords:
Broiler Chicken, Business Feasibility, Closed House, Core-Plasma Partnership, Production PerformanceAbstract
This study is motivated by the limited control that broiler plasma farmers have over selling and feed prices under core-plasma partnership schemes, combined with a cost structure heavily dominated by feed expenses, conditions which together threaten the financial sustainability of plasma farming businesses. This study intends to analyse the current business condition of Tridaya Farm, a closed-house broiler plasma farming business in Karawang, West Java, with a population of 40,000 birds per cycle, partnered with PT Charoen Pokphand Indonesia, centering on its production performance and business feasibility. This research used a descriptive-analytical case study design and production data from 21 rearing cycles, with the baseline for current conditions drawn from the last four cycles, analysed through technical and monetary performance calculations, dominant risk analysis, and profit sensitivity analysis. The results show that Tridaya Farm's technical performance is generally good, with an average Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) of 1.475 consistently below the core partner's standard and a Performance Index (IP) that increased from 390 to 444. However, depletion fluctuated considerably (3.91%-10.13%), resulting in a thin average profit margin of 4.12% of total revenue and an average profit of IDR 62,661,900 per cycle. Depletion and the live-chicken selling price were identified as the two dominant risk variables. At the same time, profit was highly sensitive to declines in selling price and increases in FCR, with only a 5% price decline sufficient to push the business into a loss. The study determines that despite good technical performance, the business feasibility of a plasma farming enterprise remains highly vulnerable to small fluctuations in production and price variables because of its thin profit margin. Practically, plasma farmers should strengthen depletion control through improved biosecurity and cage management, and use uniform performance track records as a bargaining tool with core partners to obtain better pricing incentives.
References
Adnyana Putra, I. M., Kardini, N. L., & Sudiartini, N. W. A. (2022). Analisis kelayakan kemitraan ayam broiler pada Mertha Nadi Farm ditinjau dari segi aspek teknis dan aspek lingkungan di Desa Penyaringan. Dharma Dhana: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 2(1), 59–70.
Akbar, R. (2019). Analisis pendapatan peternak ayam broiler di Kecamatan Rumbai Kota Pekanbaru (Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan). Universitas Islam Riau, Pekanbaru.
Amam, & Harsita, P. A. (2024). Evaluasi usaha ternak ayam broiler system kemitraan inti plasma berbasis Index Performance (IP). Jurnal Peternakan, 21(1), 48–57. https://doi.org/10.24014/jupet.v21i1.21188.
Amam. (2022). Sebuah evaluasi keberhasilan usaha ternak ayam broiler system kemitraan inti plasma. Jurnal Pangan, 31(3), 259–270. https://doi.org/10.33964/jp.v31i3.608
Amijoyo, G. S. (2023). Financial feasibility study of broiler farm construction of PT. XYZ in Central Java (Final project, Master of Business Administration Program). Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung.
Andersen, P. D., & Rasmussen, B. (2014). Introduction to foresight and foresight processes in practice: Note for the Ph.D. course Strategic Foresight in Engineering. Department of Management Engineering, Technical University of Denmark.
Ariendi, G. T., Daryanto, A., & Sanim, B. (2015). 'Strategy for Increasing Business Competitiveness of Green Property' [online] https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/a462/2ba0e7c2a596d1ef76b102c637650237b0c7.pdf. (Accessed on January 13th, 2020)
Arwan. (2022). Analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi ayam broiler di Kecamatan Tarakan Utara (Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan). Universitas Borneo Tarakan, Tarakan.
Az Zahra, A. F., Wahyudin, W., & Nugraha, B. (2021). The implementation of the strategy of marketing management through a SWOT analysis with the matrix of IFE, EFE and IE. Serambi Engineering, 6(2), 1721–1729. https://doi.org/10.32672/jse.v6i2
Azahari, D. H. (2008). Membangun kemandirian pangan dalam rangka meningkatkan ketahanan nasional. Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian, 6(2), 174–195.
Bahari, B., Mustadjab, M., Hanani, N., & Nugroho, B. A. (2012). Analisis contract farming usaha ayam broiler. Jurnal Agro Ekonomi, 30(2), 109–127.
Bhuana, I. M. K. A., Putri, B. R. T., & Hellyward, J. (2023). Development strategy of chicken farming business in Nusa Penida Subdistrict, Klungkung Regency, Bali. Global Scientific and Academic Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 2(7), 4–8.
Borah, M., & Halim, R. A. (2021). Sensitivity analysis of broiler farming enterprise under changing scenario of costs, prices and yields in Assam. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 10(1), 1493–1509. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2021.1001.177
Chapot, L., Hibbard, R., Ariyanto, K. B., Maulana, K. Y., Yusuf, H., Febriyani, W., Cameron, A., Paul, M., & Faverjon, C. (2024). Needs and capabilities for improving poultry production and health management in Indonesia. PLOS ONE, 19(8), e0308379. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0308379
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (4th ed.). SAGE Publications.
Dahlan, M., Fanani, Z., Ihsan, M. N., & Natsir, M. H. (2020). SWOT analysis of broiler cultivation partnership pattern system in Sumenep District, East Java Province. International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development, 3(1), 35–41.
David, F. R. (2009). Strategic Management, Prentice Hall, New Jersey
David, F. R. (2011). Strategic management: Concepts and cases (13th ed.). Pearson Prentice Hall.
David, Fred R. (2006). Manajemen Strategis, Salemba Empat, Jakarta.
Dedu, L. O. A., Batoa, H., Abadi, M., Sudarmo, H., & Satrah, V. N. (2023). The analysis of the partnership implementation of plasma broiler chicken breeders and core companies. Jurnal Ilmiah Agribisnis, 8(1), 80–89. https://doi.org/10.37149/jia.v8i1.548
Ervin Erdyana dan M. R. (2021). Analisis Risiko dan Kelayakan Finansial Peternakan Ayam Broiler dengan Pola Kemitraan (Studi Kasus Peternakan Bapak Wawan di Kecamatan Pilangkenceng, Kabupaten Madiun). Agriscience, 2(1), 81–93.
Fadhiela, K. N., & Rosa. (2025). Risk management analysis of broiler farming in West Aceh District. International Journal of Social Science, Educational, Economics, Agriculture Research and Technology (IJSET), 4(8), 643–654. https://doi.org/10.54443/ijset.v4i8.949
Fadhlurrohman, M. S., Adhi, A. K., & Nurmalina, R. (2024). Kelayakan investasi usaha ayam broiler sistem closed house dan open house di Kabupaten Madiun. Forum Agribisnis (Agribusiness Forum), 14(1), 99–111. https://doi.org/10.29244/fagb.14.1.99-111
Fauzi, A., & Lestari, R. D. (2023). Studi kelayakan usaha ternak ayam broiler pada pola mandiri dan pola kemitraan di Kabupaten Klaten. Agrisema: Agricultural Socio-Economic Empowerment and Agribusiness Journal, 2(2), 83–96. https://doi.org/10.20961/agrisema.v2i2.80752
Febrianto, N., Akhiroh, P., Helmi, M., & Hartono, B. (2023). Effects of partnership patterns on broiler chickens' performance in Indonesia. Journal of World's Poultry Research, 13(3), 332–341. https://doi.org/10.36380/jwpr.2023.36
Fitroh, B. A., Dughita, P. A., Widodo, A. M., & Rachmawatie, S. J. (2022). Efektivitas pola kemitraan PT. Sinar Sarana Sentosa dengan peternak plasma. Jurnal Triton, 13(2), 149–169. https://doi.org/10.47687/jt.v13i2.229
Global Ag Media. (2025, August 26). Indonesia poultry output grows despite weak demand. The Poultry Site. https://www.thepoultrysite.com/news/2025/08/indonesia-poultry-output-grows-despite-weak-demand
Gusakova, Y. (2017). Foresight study: the contents and benefits (7 p.) Omsk state agrarian university named after P. A. Stolypin.
Hallegatte, S. (2014). Economic Resilience: Definition and Measurement: The World Bank, Indonesia, R. (2008). UU no. 20 of 2008 concerning micro, small and medium enterprises. Jakarta
Hariningsih, E. R. (2021). Analisis pendapatan usaha peternakan broiler pola kemitraan pada masa pandemi Covid-19 (Studi kasus di Kecamatan Karangploso, Kabupaten Malang) (Skripsi). Universitas Brawijaya, Malang.
Harits, A., Alghifary, M. G., Fikri, M. B., & Wachdijono. (2025). Sensitivity analysis of product price decrease and variable cost increase in broiler chicken farming business (Case study at PT New Hop in Mandapa Village, Dawuan District, Majalengka Regency). International Journal of Social Service and Research (IJSSR), 5(8), 1230–1241.
Hasanah, N., Wahyono, N. D., Subagja, H., & Haryuni, N. (2024). Optimization model: Broiler chicken farmers plasma members in Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1338, 012069. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1338/1/012069
Horton, A. A. (1999). Simple guide to successful foresight. Foresight, 1(1), 5-9.
Hudori, M. (2013). Analysis of Competitiveness of the Agribusiness Sector Companies Using Porter’s Five Forces. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Adaptive and Intelligent Agroindustry (ICAIA), Bogor, Indonesia.
Ilham, N., Mardianto, S., & Sumedi. (2021). Komparasi biaya produksi ayam broiler Indonesia dan Brasil. Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian, 19(1), 33–44. https://doi.org/10.21082/akp.v19n1.2021.33-44
Ismiyah, E. (2020). Analisis ekonomi usaha peternakan ayam pedaging pola kemitraan inti-plasma di Kabupaten Lamongan. Tekinfo, 9(1), 16–25. https://doi.org/10.31001/tekinfo.v9i1.878
Junaidi, E., Jamhari, & Masyhuri. (2023). Comparative analysis of contract farming effect on efficiency. Journal of World's Poultry Research, 13(2), 223–232. https://doi.org/10.36380/jwpr.2023.25
Keta, M. O. D. (2024). Analisis finansial peternakan ayam broiler pola kemitraan dengan sistem kandang closed house otomatis dan semi otomatis (Tugas akhir, Politeknik Pembangunan Pertanian Malang).
Lainawa, J., Lumy, T. F. D., & Kalangi, J. K. J. (2022). Analysis of strategic management for local layer agribusiness development in North Sulawesi. International Journal of Applied Business and International Management, 7(1), 106–123. https://doi.org/10.32535/ijabim.v6i3.1444
Leliga, F. J., Koapaha, J. D., & Sulu, A. C. (2019). Analysis of IFE, EFE, SWOT, and QSPM on milk products. East African Scholars Journal of Economics, Business and Management, 2(4), 186–191. https://doi.org/10.36349/EASJEBM
Lifchatullaillah, E., Atmanegara, S., Isnawati, N., & Rama, A. (2025). Analisis break even point pada manajemen budidaya pemeliharaan domba di Kabupaten Jember. AKUA: Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan, 4(3), 311–321. https://doi.org/10.54259/akua.v4i3.4307
Manuyag, M. A. B., Magat, D. G. L. D., Tabernilla, R. A. V., Gatchalian, K. V., Mirabite, R. J. V., Mandilag, R. J. A., Tiamzon, L. M. G., Mangoba, M. A., Reyes, J. B., Meredor, S., Gutierrez, C. B. R., Suba, K. D. L., Miranda, M. O., & Ybanez, E. (2023). Strategic marketing management paper for RDF Feed, Livestock & Foods Inc. Our Lady of Fatima University.
Marmelstein, S., Costa, I. P. A., Terra, A. V., Silva, R. F., Capela, G. P. O., Moreira, M. A. L., Rocha Junior, C. S., Gomes, C. F. S., & Santos, M. (2024). Advancing efficiency sustainability in poultry farms with DEA. Animals, 14(726). https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14050726
Martesano, R. (n.d.). Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) & External Factor Evaluation (EFE). Aklan State University.
Mawaddah, S. (2021). Analisis kelayakan usaha peternakan ayam broiler dengan pola kemitraan di Kota Tarakan (Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan). Universitas Borneo Tarakan, Tarakan.
Mudrajad, Kuncoro. (2005). Strategi Bagaimana Meraih Keunggulan Kompetitif. Jakarta: Erlangga
Mujahid, H., Sudrajat, & Isyanto, A. Y. (2026). Analisis kelayakan usaha kemitraan peternakan ayam broiler closed house (Studi kasus pada peternakan PJ Hidayah Farm di Dusun Citaik Desa Batumalang Kecamatan Cimerak Kabupaten Pangandaran). Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Agroinfo Galuh, 13(1), 1–10.
Oktavera, R., & Andajani, E. (2012). Implementation of value chain analysis in broiler supply chain. Proceedings of the 10th UBAYA International Annual Symposium on Management (pp. 1268–1279).
Oktavia, E., Marimin, & Djohar, S. (2017). Strategic architecture in poultry company. Jurnal Dinamika Manajemen, 8(2), 245–258. https://doi.org/10.15294/jdm.v8i2.12764
Ontalu, N., Indriana, & Maharani. (2017). Pola kemitraan usaha peternakan ayam pedaging dengan PT. DMC. Prosiding Seminar Nasional, 56–60.
Pearce & Robinson, 2008, Manajemen Strategis, Formulasi, Implementasi dan Pengendalian, Penerbit Salemba Empat, Jakarta.
Perdana, Y., Agustin, M., Permana, I. Z., Wiliantika, A., Fitriani, A., & Mutaqin, B. K. (2023). Determination of alternative broiler marketing strategies in PT Unggas Taat Bersinar. Jurnal Sumber Daya Hewan, 4(1), 12–20. https://doi.org/10.24198/jsdh.v4i1.47868
Porter, M. E. (1979). How Competitive Forces Shape Strategy. Harvard Business Review, 57(2), 137–145.
Porter, M. E. (1994). Competitive Advantage of Nations: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance. The Free Press, New York.
Prager, S. D., & Wiebe, K. (2021). Strategic foresight for agriculture. Global Food Security, 28, 100489. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2020.100489
Pramita, D. A., Kusnadi, N., & Harianto. (2017). Efisiensi teknis usaha ternak ayam broiler pola kemitraan di Kabupaten Limapuluh Kota. Jurnal Agribisnis Indonesia, 5(1), 1–10.
Prayugo, S., Daryanto, A., & Djohar, S. (2012). Value chain analysis of broiler to increase competitiveness. Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis, 9(Edisi Khusus), 55–66.
Purba, A. P., Indra, S. B., & Rozalina. (2023). Analisis kelayakan finansial usaha peternakan ayam broiler (Gallus domesticus) (Studi kasus: Peternakan ayam broiler di Desa Tapak Meriah Kecamatan Silinda Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai). JIASC (Journal of Agribusiness Sciences), 7(1), 42–49.
Pusat Data dan Sistem Informasi Pertanian. (2024). Outlook komoditas peternakan: Daging ayam ras pedaging 2024. Sekretariat Jenderal Kementerian Pertanian.
Puspita, I. (2019). Analisis risiko produksi ayam broiler (Studi kasus peternakan Bapak Muji di Gang Ayam Kelurahan Kampung Empat, Kecamatan Tarakan Timur, Kota Tarakan) (Skripsi tidak dipublikasikan). Universitas Borneo Tarakan, Tarakan.
Putra, R. M., Harahap, U. N., & Utama, D. W. (2024). Analysis of profits and development strategies for broiler chickens in Mitra Pokphand farms. Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Management, 4(1), 19–29.
Rachman, H. P. S., & Ariani, M. (2002). Ketahanan pangan: Konsep, pengukuran dan strategi. Forum Penelitian Agro Ekonomi, 20(1), 12–24.
Rahmatin, N., Sucipto, S., & Lestari, E. R. (2019). Analisis rantai nilai berbagai skala usaha ayam broiler di Kabupaten Jombang. Industria, 8(3), 183–196. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.industria.2019.008.03.3
Ramadhon, R., Rusdarti, & Pujiati, A. (2021). Strategy analysis of laying chicken business in Semarang City. Business and Economic Analysis Journal, 1(2), 92–103. https://doi.org/10.15294/beaj.v1i2.33589
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Adhi Yusuf, Siti Jahroh, Zenal Asikin
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish their manuscripts in this journal agree to the following conditions:
- The copyright on each article belongs to the author(s).
- The author acknowledges that the Dinasti International Journal of Economics, Finance & Accounting (DIJEFA) has the right to be the first to publish with a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
- Authors can submit articles separately, arrange for the non-exclusive distribution of manuscripts that have been published in this journal into other versions (e.g., sent to the author's institutional repository, publication into books, etc.), by acknowledging that the manuscript has been published for the first time in the Dinasti International Journal of Economics, Finance & Accounting (DIJEFA).
