From Cost to Service: Building a Smarter Fare Model for Buy-the-Service Transit

Authors

  • Ahmad Fajar Asrori Magister Manajemen Transportasi, Institut Transportasi dan Logistik Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia
  • Susanty Handayani Magister Manajemen Transportasi, Institut Transportasi dan Logistik Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia
  • Abdullah Ade Suryobuwono Fakultas Sistem Transportasi dan Logistik, Institut Transportasi dan Logistik Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia
  • Djamal Subastian Magister Manajemen Transportasi, Institut Transportasi dan Logistik Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia
  • Nashrullah Nashrullah Fakultas Manajemen dan Bisnis, Institut Transportasi dan Logistik Trisakti, Jakarta, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.38035/dijemss.v7i3.6110

Keywords:

Buy-The-Service Transit, Fare Modelling, Willingness To Pay, Ability To Pay, Public Transport Subsidy

Abstract

The transition from traditional cost-based to service-oriented fare models represents a paradigm shift in public transport financing. This study develops a comprehensive fare calculation model for Buy-the-Service (BTS) transit systems that integrates operational costs, user satisfaction, Ability to Pay (ATP), and Willingness to Pay (WTP). Using data from BisKita Trans Bekasi Patriot corridor in Indonesia, we employed multiple linear regression analysis with 314 users to derive a predictive WTP model: WTP = 2,589.329 + (256.865 × Satisfaction) + (0.030 × ATP). Results indicate that operational costs per passenger (IDR 17,060.20) significantly exceed user WTP (IDR 4,178.34), necessitating a subsidy of IDR 12,876.71 per passenger to maintain service sustainability. Statistical validation confirms model robustness (F = 8.377, p < 0.001) with no multicollinearity issues (VIF = 1.097). The study demonstrates that user satisfaction significantly influences fare acceptance, with each satisfaction unit increasing WTP by IDR 256.87. These findings provide actionable insights for policymakers implementing BTS schemes in developing countries, emphasising the critical role of targeted subsidies in balancing affordability with operational viability while maintaining service quality standards.

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Published

2026-02-23

How to Cite

Asrori, A. F., Handayani, S., Suryobuwono, A. A., Subastian, D., & Nashrullah, N. (2026). From Cost to Service: Building a Smarter Fare Model for Buy-the-Service Transit. Dinasti International Journal of Education Management and Social Science, 7(3), 3037–3046. https://doi.org/10.38035/dijemss.v7i3.6110

Issue

Vol. 7 No. 3 (2025): Dinasti International Journal of Education Management and Social Science (February - March 2026)

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Copyright (c) 2026 Ahmad Fajar Asrori, Susanty Handayani, Abdullah Ade Suryobuwono, Djamal Subastian, Nashrullah Nashrullah

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