The Social Determinants of an Infectious Disease Outcome: Age, Occupation, and Stigma in Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Indonesia

Authors

  • Meiyanti Meiyanti Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti, Indonesia
  • Adang Bachtiar Department of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
  • Husnun Amalia Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti, Indonesia
  • Nany Hairunisa Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti, Indonesia
  • Pusparini Pusparini Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti, Indonesia
  • Rita Khairani Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti, Indonesia
  • Lie T. Merijanti Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti, Indonesia
  • Henie Widowati Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti, Indonesia
  • Mulia Rahmansyah Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti, Indonesia.
  • Dyah Ayu Woro Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti, Indonesia.
  • Agus Rahmat Hidayat Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Muhammadyah Prof.Dr.HAMKA, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.38035/dijemss.v8i1.6391

Keywords:

Adherence, Social, Economic, Drug-resistant

Abstract

This study examines the associations between socioeconomic factors, including age, occupation, and stigma, and treatment outcomes among patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis in Indonesia. Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) remains a major obstacle to global tuberculosis elimination efforts, with lower treatment success rates compared to drug-susceptible TB.  This study aims to analyze the social determinants of infectious disease outcomes  specifically age, occupation, and stigma in relation to cure status among DR-TB patients in Indonesia. This study was conducted using an observational study with a cross-sectional design  in 10 cities of 8 provinces, with a sample size of 214 subjects. Data collection was conducted using structured interviews and questionnaires. The inclusion criteria for this study were patients aged ≥17 years, who signed the informed consent. Exclusion criteria were extrapulmonary drug-resistant tuberculosis patients. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 23.0 and bivariate analysis using chi-square or Fisher's test with a p-significance value <0.05. The bivariate analysis showed significant associations between cure status and age (p = 0.020), occupational status (p = 0.004), income (p = 0.015), and occupational ostracization (p = 0.013).  Age, employment status, income, and workplace ostracization were significantly associated with cure status among patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis. Addressing these determinants is essential to improving DR-TB cure rates in Indonesia.  

 

Penelitian ini menganalisis faktor-faktor sosial yang memengaruhi hasil pengobatan penyakit menular, yaitu usia, pekerjaan, dan stigma pada tuberkulosis resisten obat di Indonesia. Tuberkulosis resisten obat (TB-DR) tetap menjadi hambatan utama dalam upaya eliminasi tuberkulosis secara global, dengan tingkat keberhasilan pengobatan yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan TB yang sensitif terhadap obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor sosial yang memengaruhi hasil penyakit menular, khususnya usia, pekerjaan, dan stigma dalam kaitannya dengan status kesembuhan di antara pasien TB-DR di Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan studi observasional dengan desain cross-sectional di 10 kota di 8 provinsi, dengan ukuran sampel sebanyak 214 subjek. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara terstruktur dan kuesioner. Kriteria inklusi dalam studi ini adalah pasien berusia ≥17 tahun yang telah menandatangani formulir persetujuan. Kriteria eksklusi adalah pasien tuberkulosis resisten obat ekstrapulmoner. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan SPSS 23.0 dan analisis bivariat dengan uji chi-square atau uji Fisher dengan nilai signifikansi p <0,05. Analisis bivariat menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara status kesembuhan dan usia (p = 0,020), status pekerjaan (p = 0,004), pendapatan (p = 0,015), serta pengucilan di tempat kerja (p = 0,013). Faktor-faktor sosioekonomi, termasuk usia, pekerjaan, pendapatan, dan stigma di tempat kerja, secara signifikan memengaruhi hasil pengobatan pada pasien TB-DR. Mengatasi faktor-faktor penentu ini sangat penting untuk meningkatkan tingkat kesembuhan TB-DR di Indonesia.

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Published

2026-10-02

How to Cite

Meiyanti, M., Bachtiar, A., Amalia, H., Hairunisa, N., Pusparini, P., Khairani, R., … Hidayat, A. R. (2026). The Social Determinants of an Infectious Disease Outcome: Age, Occupation, and Stigma in Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Indonesia . Dinasti International Journal of Education Management and Social Science, 8(1), 52–63. https://doi.org/10.38035/dijemss.v8i1.6391

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Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026): Dinasti International Journal of Education Management and Social Science (October - November 2026)

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Copyright (c) 2026 Meiyanti Meiyanti, Adang Bachtiar, Husnun Amalia, Nany Hairunisa, Pusparini Pusparini, Rita Khairani, Lie T. Merijanti, Henie Widowati, Mulia Rahmansyah, Dyah Ayu Woro, Agus Rahmat Hidayat

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