Result Culture & ROWE: The Key to High Performance

Authors

  • Bungaran Saing Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya, Jakarta, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.38035/dijemss.v7i4.6443

Keywords:

Result Culture, ROWE, Outcome-based Management, Productivity, High Performance

Abstract

This study examines how result culture and Results-Only Work Environment (ROWE) influence high performance through technological support, transformational leadership, and work maturity. Using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with data collected from employees of PT STO Telkom Bekasi (N = 60), this study finds that technological support plays a dominant and significant role in improving high performance (β = 0.77, p < 0.05). While result culture significantly influences transformational leadership and employee work maturity, it does not directly enhance high performance. Similarly, ROWE significantly improves technological support, which in turn enhances high performance. These findings suggest that cultural and work-environment reforms alone are insufficient without strong digital infrastructure support. The study contributes to the performance management literature by identifying technological support as a critical enabling mechanism in results-based work systems.

References

Aguinis, H. (2023). Performance management (5th ed.). Chicago Business Press.

Aguinis, H., Villamor, I., & Ramani, R. S. (2021). MTI (Motivation–Trust–Incentives) framework for performance management. Business Horizons, 64(2), 145–156.

Alam, A., & Dewi, R. (2024). Peran mediasi dukungan teknologi dalam meningkatkan produktivitas dan kepuasan kerja karyawan melalui kebijakan kerja jarak jauh di Indonesia. Manajemen & Bisnis.

Al'fiyah, N., Nugroho, A. D., & Wahjoedi, T. (2024). Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan transformasional terhadap kinerja karyawan di WE GO PRINT. Jurnal Rumpun Manajemen dan Ekonomi (JRME), 1(3), 541–551. https://doi.org/10.61722/jrme.v1i3.1790

Allen, T. D., Golden, T. D., & Shockley, K. M. (2021). How effective is telecommuting? Assessing the status of our scientific findings. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 22(2), 40–68.

Anderson, M. H., Baur, J. E., Griffith, J. A., & Buckley, M. R. (2020). What works for you may not work for me: Limitations of transformational leadership theory. The Leadership Quarterly, 31(1), 101–112.

Aristarini, C. C., Riyadi, S., & Halik, A. (2023). Pengaruh kepemimpinan transformasional dan budaya organisasi terhadap kinerja karyawan. Jurnal Ekonomi Internasional, 3(1).

Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2017). Job demands–resources theory: Taking stock and looking forward. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(3), 273–285. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000056

Banks, G. C., McCauley, K. D., Gardner, W. L., & Guler, C. E. (2022). A meta-analytic review of authentic and transformational leadership. Journal of Applied Psychology, 107(3), 1–23.

Bass, B. M., & Riggio, R. E. (2006). Transformational leadership (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Bloom, N., Liang, J., Roberts, J., & Ying, Z. J. (2022). Does working from home work? Evidence from a Chinese experiment. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 137(1), 165–218.

Boyatzis, R. E. (2008). Competencies in the 21st century. Journal of Management Development, 27(1), 5–12. https://doi.org/10.1108/02621710810840730

Breevaart, K., Bakker, A. B., Hetland, J., Demerouti, E., & Olsen, O. K. (2014). Daily transactional and transformational leadership and daily employee engagement. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 87(1), 138–157. https://doi.org/10.1111/joop.12041

Cascio, W. F., & Montealegre, R. (2021). How technology is changing work and organizations. Annual Review of Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior, 8, 407–428. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-012420-055509

Choudhury, P., Foroughi, C., & Larson, B. (2023). Work-from-anywhere: The productivity effects of geographic flexibility. Strategic Management Journal, 44(3), 655–683.

De Menezes, L. M., & Kelliher, C. (2021). Flexible working and performance: A systematic review. International Journal of Management Reviews, 23(2), 1–27.

DeNisi, A. S., & Murphy, K. R. (2022). Performance appraisal and performance management: 100 years of progress? Journal of Applied Psychology, 107(2), 310–328. https://doi.org/10.1037/apl0000903

Denison, D. R., & Mishra, A. K. (1995). Toward a theory of organizational culture and effectiveness. Organization Science, 6(2), 204–223. https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.6.2.204

Dionne, S. D., Yammarino, F. J., Atwater, L. E., & Spangler, W. D. (2004). Transformational leadership and team performance. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25(2), 177–197. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.244

Gajendran, R. S., & Harrison, D. A. (2007). The good, the bad, and the unknown about telecommuting. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92(6), 1524–1541. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.92.6.1524

Gajendran, R. S., Harrison, D. A., & Delaney-Klinger, K. (2022). Are telecommuters good organizational citizens? Personnel Psychology, 75(1), 25–56. https://doi.org/10.1111/peps.12466

Hartnell, C. A., Ou, A. Y., & Kinicki, A. (2011). Organizational culture and organizational effectiveness. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96(4), 677–694. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021987

Hoch, J. E., Bommer, W. H., Dulebohn, J. H., & Wu, D. (2021). Do ethical, authentic, and servant leadership explain variance beyond transformational leadership? Journal of Management, 47(2), 301–334. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206321990256

Hooper, D., Coughlan, J., & Mullen, M. R. (2008). Structural equation modelling: Guidelines for determining model fit. Electronic Journal of Business Research Methods, 6(1), 53–60.

Kelliher, C., & de Menezes, L. M. (2021). Flexible working in organisations: A research overview. Routledge.

Kelly, E. L., & Moen, P. (2021). Overload: How good jobs went bad and what we can do about it. Princeton University Press.

Kelly, E. L., Moen, P., & Huang, Q. (2011). Changing workplaces to reduce work–family conflict. American Sociological Review, 76(2), 265–290. https://doi.org/10.1177/0003122411400056

Kniffin, K. M., Narayanan, J., Anseel, F., Antonakis, J., Ashford, S. P., Bakker, A. B., & van Vugt, M. (2021). COVID-19 and the workplace. American Psychologist, 76(1), 63–77.

Koopmans, L., Bernaards, C. M., Hildebrandt, V. H., de Vet, H. C. W., & van der Beek, A. J. (2013). Development of an individual work performance questionnaire. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 62(1), 6–28.

Northouse, P. G. (2022). Leadership: Theory and practice (9th ed.). SAGE Publications.

Patton, W., & Lokan, J. (2001). Perspectives on Donald Super’s construct of career maturity. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance, 1(1–2), 31–48. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016964629452

Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., & Bommer, W. H. (1996). Transformational leader behaviors. Journal of Management, 22(2), 259–298. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639602200204

Pradipta, H. A., & Martdianty, F. (2023). Effect of flexible working arrangement on employee performance: Mediating role of work engagement and supervisor support in Indonesia digital startup. Jurnal Aplikasi Bisnis dan Manajemen, 9(2), 512–522. https://doi.org/10.17358/jabm.9.2.512

Ressler, C., & Thompson, J. (2008). Why work sucks and how to fix it: The results-only revolution. Portfolio.

Schneider, B., & Pulakos, E. D. (2022). Expanding the I-O psychology mindset to organizational success. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 15(3), 385–402. https://doi.org/10.1017/iop.2022.27

Spreitzer, G., Cameron, K., & Garrett, L. (2023). Alternative work arrangements and well-being. Academy of Management Annals, 17(1), 1–35.

Syahrahmanda, D. D., Bidawi, H. F. N., Pasaribu, G. A., Tuffahati, J., Jannah, R., & Darmansah, T. (2024). Peran teknologi dalam meningkatkan manajemen kinerja karyawan. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 8(3), 51310–51316. Retrieved from https://jptam.org/index.php/jptam/article/view/24057

Van Knippenberg, D., & Sitkin, S. B. (2013). A critical assessment of charismatic–transformational leadership research. Academy of Management Annals, 7(1), 1–60. https://doi.org/10.5465/19416520.2013.759433

Van der Voet, J., & Steijn, B. (2021). Team innovation through collaboration: how visionary leadership spurs innovation via team cohesion. Public Management Review, 23(9), 1275–1294. https://doi.org/10.1080/14719037.2020.1743344

Verhoef, A. H., & Coetser, Y. M. (2021). Academic integrity of university students during emergency remote online assessment: An exploration of student voices. Transformation in Higher Education, 6, Article a132. https://doi.org/10.4102/the.v6i0.132

Vial, G. (2021). Understanding digital transformation. MIS Quarterly, 45(1), 13–66.

Wang, G., Oh, I.-S., Courtright, S. H., & Colbert, A. E. (2011). Transformational leadership and performance. Group & Organization Management, 36(2), 223–270. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059601111401017

Wang, M., Liu, S., Qian, J., & Parker, S. K. (2021). Achieving effective remote working during COVID-19. Applied Psychology, 70(1), 16–59. https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12290

Warner, K. S. R., & Wäger, M. (2019). Building dynamic capabilities for digital transformation. Long Range Planning, 52(3), 326–349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2018.12.001

Yukl, G. A. (2013). Leadership in organizations (8th ed.). Pearson Education.

Downloads

Published

2026-04-15

How to Cite

Saing, B. (2026). Result Culture & ROWE: The Key to High Performance. Dinasti International Journal of Education Management and Social Science, 7(4), 3762–3774. https://doi.org/10.38035/dijemss.v7i4.6443